A shopping center (American English) or shoping centre (Commonwealth English) ,also called a shoping complex,shopping arcade,shopping arcade,shopping plaza or galleria, is a group of shops built together,sometimes under one roof.(2)
The first know collection of retailers under one roof are public markets,dating back to ancient times,and Middle Eastern coverd markets, bazaars and souqs.In Paris, about 150 covered passages were built between the late 18th century and 1850, and a wealth of shopping arcades were built across Europe in the 19th century .In the United States,the widespread use of the automobile in the 1920s led to the first shopping centers of a few dozen shops that included parking for cars. Starting in 1946,larger,open air centers anchored by department stores were built (sometimes as a collection of adjacent retail properties with different owners),the enclosed shopping malls starting with Victor Gruens Southdale Center near Minneapolis in 1956.
A retail park, in the United Kingdom and Europa, is a type of shopping center found on the fingers of most large towns and cities in the United Kingdom, and some (but not all) other European countries .In Europe, any shopping center with mostly "retail warehouse" (UKterminologi; in the US the term is "bigbox stores" /superstores).5000 sqm or larger is retail park, according to the leading real estate company Cushman & Wakefield.(9) This would be considered in North America either a power center or a neighborhood shopping center ,depending on the size.
A bazzar or souk, is permanetly enclosed marketplace or street where goods and services are exchanged or sold
The term bazzar originates from the Persian word bäzär.The term bazzar is sometimes also used to the "network of merchants, bankers and craftsmen" who work in the area.Although the word "bazzar" is of Persian orgin, its used has spread and now has been accepted into the vernacular aroud the world.
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